THE IMPACT OF CODE-SWITCHING ON STUDENTS' LEARNING PROCESS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL REGULATION IN BILINGUAL CLASSROOM: A PERSPECTIVE FROM EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
Abstract
This study explores the impacts of code-switching practices in the teaching and learning process in bilingual schools. The background of this study is based on the fact that the use of code-switching practices not only impacts linguistic and academic aspects but also has significant implications for students' psychological conditions, such as building emotional closeness between teachers and students through humour, praise, and empathetic expressions. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the impacts of code-switching on students' learning process and psychological regulation in bilingual language learning. The research method used in this study is a library research with a descriptive qualitative approach, referring to various scientific sources such as journal articles, books, and relevant research reports. The results of this study show several impacts of code-switching in the teaching and learning process. First, code-switching helps the students comprehend the lessons and achieve great success. Teachers switch their language when they give feedback, check students' understanding, make conclusions, clarify information, and explain specific information. Second, code-switching is used to control the students' enthusiasm and behaviour. Solidarity and intimate relationships between teachers and students are the elements that cannot be neglected in the education sector. Applying code-switching as a communication strategy to create humour is an effective way to support learning situations.
Keywords
References
Al-Qahtani, Abdulkhaleq. ‘The Phenomenon of Code-Switching and Code-Mixing as Practiced among Faculty Members in a Saudi University’. Language Phenomena in Urban Society, no. August 2014 (2014): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.3143.1122.
Bosma, Evelyn, and Elma Blom. ‘A Code-Switching Asymmetry in Bilingual Children: Code-Switching from Dutch to Frisian Requires More Cognitive Control than Code-Switching from Frisian to Dutch’. International Journal of Bilingualism 23, no. 6 (2019): 1431–47. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367006918798972.
Brown, Howard, and John Adamson. ‘Localizing EAP in Light of the Rise of English-Medium Instrcution at Japanese Universities’. OnCue Journal 6, no. 3 (2014): 5–20.
Byun, Kiyong, Huijung Chu, Minjung Kim, Innwoo Park, Suhong Kim, and Juyoung Jung. ‘English-Medium Teaching in Korean Higher Education: Policy Debates and Reality’. Higher Education 62, no. 4 (2011): 431–49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-010-9397-4.
Cahyani, Hilda, Michele de Courcy, and Jenny Barnett. ‘Teachers’ Code-Switching in Bilingual Classrooms: Exploring Pedagogical and Sociocultural Functions’. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 21, no. 4 (2018): 465–79. https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2016.1189509.
Domalewska, Dorota. ‘Discourse Analysis of Teacher Talk: Code Switching in Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) Classrooms in Thailand’. Asian Journal of Education and E-Learning 5, no. 2 (2017): 36–43. https://doi.org/10.24203/ajeel.v5i2.3962.
Fachriyah, Eva. ‘The Functions of Code Switching in English Language Learning Classes’. Study in English Language and Education 2, no. 4 (2017): 148–56. https://doi.org/10.5785/25-1-27.
Floris, Flora Debora. ‘Learning Subject Matter through English as the Medium of Instruction: Students’ and Teachers’ Perspectives’. Asian Englishes 16, no. 1 (2014): 47–59. https://doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2014.884879.
Gardner-Chloros, Penelope. ‘Sociolinguistic Factors in Code-Switching’. The Cambridge Handbook of Linguistic Code-Switching, no. 1972 (2012): 97–113. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511576331.007.
Hamid, M. Obaidul, Hoa Thi Mai Nguyen, and Richard B. Baldauf. ‘Medium of Instruction in Asia: Context, Processes and Outcomes’. Current Issues in Language Planning 14, no. 1 (2013): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/14664208.2013.792130.
Hofweber, Julia, Theodoros Marinis, and Jeanine Treffers-Daller. ‘How Different Code-Switching Types Modulate Bilinguals’ Executive Functions: A Dual Control Mode Perspective’. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 23, no. 4 (2020): 909–25. Cambridge Core. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1366728919000804.
Jiang, Anne Li, and Lawrence Jun Zhang. ‘ESP/EAP Through English-Medium Instruction: Teachers’ Perceptions and Practices’. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, no. September 2018 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-60092-9_8.
Kharkhurin, Anatoliy V., and Li Wei. ‘The Role of Code-Switching in Bilingual Creativity’. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 18, no. 2 (2015): 153–69. https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2014.884211.
Khasbani, Imam. ‘English as a Medium of Instruction in Indonesian Primary and Secondary Education: Theory and Reality’. Englisia Journal 6, no. 2 (2019): 146. https://doi.org/10.22373/ej.v6i2.4506.
Kirkpatrick, Andy. ‘English as a Medium of Instruction in East and Southeast Asian Universities’. Multilingual Education, 2014, 1 online resource (xi, 233 pages). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7972-3.
Krippendorff, Klaus. Content Analysis: An Introduction to Its Methodology. SAGE Publications, Inc., 2019. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781071878781.
Li, David C. S. ‘Understanding Mixed Code and Classroom Code-Switching: Myths and Realities’. New Horizons in Education 56, no. 3 (2008): 75–87.
Mahboob, Ahmar. ‘English Medium Instruction in Higher Education in Asia-Pacific’. English Medium Instruction in Higher Education in Asia-Pacific 21, no. March (2017): 37–52. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51976-0.
Mitchele, N. ‘Universities around the World Offer Tuition in English.’ In Www.Bbc.Co.Uk. 2016.
Mokgwathi, Tsaona, and Vic Webb. ‘The Educational Effects of Code-Switching in the Classroom-Benefits and Setbacks: A Case of Selected Senior Secondary Schools in Botswana’. Language Matters 44, no. 3 (2013): 108–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/10228195.2013.839734.
Mujiono, Mujiono, Soepomo Poedjosoedarmo, Edi Subroto, and Tri Wiratno. ‘Code Switching in English as Foreign Language Instruction Practiced by the English Lecturers at Universities’. International Journal of Linguistics 5, no. 2 (2013): 46–65. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v5i2.3561.
Özkara, Basak, Gülay Cedden, Christiane Von Stutterheim, and Patric Meyer. ‘Code-Switching and Cognitive Control: A Review of Current Trends and Future Directions’. Frontiers in Language Sciences 4 (February 2025): 1515283. https://doi.org/10.3389/flang.2025.1515283.
Palmer, Deborah K. ‘Code-Switching and Symbolic Power in a Second-Grade Two-Way Classroom: A Teacher’s Motivation System Gone Awry’. Bilingual Research Journal 32, no. 1 (2009): 42–59. https://doi.org/10.1080/15235880902965854.
Panayiotou, Alexia. ‘Switching Codes, Switching Code: Bilinguals’ Emotional Responses in English and Greek’. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 25, nos 2–3 (2004): 124–39. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434630408666525.
Patton, Michael Quinn. Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods: Integrating Theory and Practice. 4th ed. SAGE Publications, Inc., 2015.
Scheu, U. Dagmar. ‘Cultural Constraints in Bilinguals’ Codeswitching’. International Journal of Intercultural Relations 24, no. 1 (2000): 131–50.
Shay, Orit. ‘To Switch or Not to Switch: Code-Switching in a Multilingual Country’. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 209, no. July (2015): 462–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.253.
Simasiku, Liswani, Choshi Kasanda, and Talita Smit. ‘Can Code Switching Enhance Learners’ Academic Achievement?’ English Language Teaching 8, no. 2 (2015): 70–77. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v8n2p70.
Vu, N. T. T., and A. Burns. ‘English as a Medium of Instruction for Vietnamese Tertiary Lecturers’. The Journal of Asia TEFL 11, no. 3 (2014): 1–31.
Yow, W. Quin, and Xiaoqian Li. ‘Balanced Bilingualism and Early Age of Second Language Acquisition as the Underlying Mechanisms of a Bilingual Executive Control Advantage: Why Variations in Bilingual Experiences Matter’. Frontiers in Psychology 6, no. FEB (2015): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00164.
Zed, Mestika. Metode Penelitian Kepustakaan. Buku Obor, 2014.
DOI: 10.28944/bayanlin-naas.v8i2.2261
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2025 Bayan lin-Naas : Jurnal Dakwah Islam
