THE DYNAMICS OF QUR'ANIC TAFSIR IN INDONESIA: HISTORICAL PERIODIZATION AND THE ROLE OF LOCAL SCHOLARS

Abstract

The history of Qur'anic exegesis in Indonesia has developed dynamically alongside the process of Islamization in the Nusantara, which faced linguistic and cultural challenges. The Arabic Qur'an was translated and interpreted for communities with diverse local languages, necessitating the integration of Islamic values with local wisdom. This study aims to delineate the periodization of the development of Qur'anic exegesis in Indonesia, covering the classical to premodern periods, and to explore the contributions of Islamic scholars in contextualizing Islamic teachings to meet societal needs. Employing a qualitative descriptive method and a library research approach, this study analyzes ancient manuscripts, works of Nusantara scholars, and modern literature. The findings indicate that the development of Qur'anic exegesis in Indonesia can be divided into four main periods, each with distinct characteristics, ranging from the dominant influence of the Middle East in the classical period to the emergence of inclusive exegesis rooted in Nusantara culture during the premodern period. The innovations of Nusantara scholars in blending Islamic teachings with local traditions, such as using local languages in exegesis, are highlighted as key efforts to broaden public understanding. The novelty of this research lies in its in-depth analysis of the adaptation of exegesis to the socio-cultural context of the Nusantara, demonstrating that Qur'anic exegesis serves not only as a means of understanding religion but also as a dynamic guide relevant to the changing times. This study makes a significant contribution to the field of Qur'anic exegesis and Islamic studies in Indonesia, emphasizing the importance of contextual approaches in understanding sacred texts.